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The World Bank has looked at the distinguishing features of successful school system.

According to the World Bank’s education specialist, Harry Patrinos, this include: improving the quality of teachers and making sure that teachers are highly regarded; providing information to make schools accountable and giving autonomy to schools and head teachers.

This matters not only for individual pupils but also for the well-being of countries, he says, because improving educational performance has a direct impact on improving economic performance.

China’s education performance— at least in cities such as Shanghai and Hong Kong— seems to be as spectacular as the country’s fast growing economy.

Certainly both these open and outward-looking cities consider education to be important and are willing to adopt the best educational practices from around the world to ensure success. In Hong Kong, education accounts for more than one-fifth of entire government spending every year.

“Shanghai and Hong Kong are small education systems, with a concentration of ideas, manpower and resources for education,” says Prof Cheng.

Under the banner “First class city, first class education”, Shanghai set about systematically re-equipping classroom, upgrading schools and improving the curriculum in the last decade.

It got rid of the “key schools” system which concentrated resources only on top students and top schools. Instead staff were trained in more interactive teaching methods and computers were brought in.

About 80% of Shanghai school leavers go to university compared to an overall average of 24% in China.

Meanwhile, dynamic Hong Kong was forced into educational improvements as its industries moved to cheaper mainland Chinese areas in the 1990s.Its survival as a service and management hub depends on upgrading knowledge and skills.

In the last decade Hong Kong has concentrated on closing the gap for all students, says a report by McKinsey management consultants.

The report, How the World’s Most Improved School Systems Keep Getting Better, rated Hong Kong’s education system among the best in the world.

1.The World Bank’s survey about education mainly concentrates on .

A. what has made some education systems successful

B. China’s education system and competitive exams

C. how to relieve Chinese students of their heavy schoolwork

D. the relationship between education and economic development

2.According to Harry Patrinos, the key to successful school systems is .

A. to give autonomy to all teachers to educate students freely in class

B. to let students attend after-school tutoring and do more exercises

C. to improve teachers’ abilities and give schools free performance right

D. to make school education directly serve the economy of the country

3.We can learn from the text that .

A. the “key school” system is the key to many schools’ failure

B. students in Shanghai and Hong Kong work the hardest

C. Hong Kong’s educational performance isn’t as good as Shanghai’s

D. Shanghai and Hong Kong’s economic performance will improve

4.What is the author’s attitude towards the school systems of Shanghai and Hong Kong?

A. Negative. B. Positive.

C. Neutral. D. Critical.

试题答案

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：成功的教育体系有哪些卓越的特征？世界银行在改善师资、提升公众对教师的尊重、是学校更负责、给与学校和校长自治权等方面做出了调查。

1.小题1】细节理解题。根据第一段得知，世界银行针对教育的调查主要集中在：哪些因素使一些教育体系成功。选A。

2.小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段得知，专家哈利认为：成功的学校体系关键是改善师资、给予学校充分的自治权。选C。

3.小题3】推理判断题。根据第三、四段得知，教育表现的改善会对改善经济状况有直接的影响。可以推测出上海和香港做出教育改革的同时会有经济的改善。选D。

4.小题4】作者态度题。根据最后四段的描述得知，作者都是在肯定上海和香港的学校体系。选B。

考点：科研类文章

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