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1、2023衡水金卷先享题分科综合卷全国一卷语文3

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2T2由于对称性，每个周期内α粒子在x轴正方向上前进的距离xo=2×1=4L(1分)

Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.

“Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely through, though. What is it that we want independence from, exactly?

Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.

The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.

Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?

Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.

There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, at the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.

1.What does the author think of biofuels?

A. They keep America’s economy running healthily.

B. They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.

C. They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.

D. They cause serious damage to the environment.

2.Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?

A. It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.

B. Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.

C. It wants to keep its own environment intact.

D. Its own oil production falls short of demand.

3.What does the author say about oil trade?

A. It proves profitable to both sides.

B. It improves economic efficiency.

C. It makes for economic prosperity.

D. It saves the cost of oil exploration.

试题答案

1.D

2.C

3.B

【解析】

试题分析：作为世界上最大的能源消费国，美国的“能源独立”听起来不错，这会改变全球能源市场格局，对于保持经济增长、保障能源安全、降低能源行业碳排放具有重大意义。

1.小题1】细节理解题。根据第四段得知作者对生物燃料的真正想法是他们导致经济浪费和环境破坏。A、B选项中选项均为正态度，与原文不符直接排除。C选项为干扰项，文章未提及“可持续的能源供给”，故此选D。

2.小题2】推理判断题。根据第五段得相比从国外进口石油，美国人更看重环境质量，希望保持自己国家环境是完好的。选C。

3.小题3】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段得知作者认为石油贸易是有经济效益的。我们从中受益。选B。

考点：环保类文章

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